During the Age of Discovery methods of navigation developed quickly because of the need of European explorers venturing to the New World discovered by Columbus in 1492. The instruments navigators used varied and included the quadrant, astrolabe, cross staff, hourglass, compass, map or nautical chart, and other devices.

How was a mariner’s astrolabe used? The instrument was used to help determine the ship’s latitude from the height of the Pole Star or of the sun. At night, the Pole Star was sighted directly through small pinholes in the two vanes mounted on the pivoting alidade or rule.

Celestial navigation requires the sailor to use an instrument, like a sextant, to find the angle between a star/planet and the horizon. The angle will tell the sailor is latitude. The astrolabe dates back to ancient Greece, when it was used by astronomers and mariners to help tell time and location.

Maps, compasses, astrolabes, and calipers are among the early tools used by ocean navigators. In the modern era, these tools have been largely replaced by electronic and technological equivalents. Despite these early beginnings, it would take many centuries before global navigation at sea became possible.

A sextant is a traditional navigational tool. It measures the angle between two objects, such as the horizon and a celestial object such as a star or planet. This angle can then be used to calculate the ship’s position on a nautical chart.

Answer. Answer: Magnetic compass is an important instrument which allows the sailors to find direction in every type of situation. It have a magnetic needle that can turn freely that always points to the north direction.

The magnetic compass was an important advance in navigation because it allowed mariners to determine their direction even if clouds obscured their usual astronomical cues such as the North Star. It uses a magnetic needle that can turn freely so that it always points to the north pole of the Earth’s magnetic field.

An angle-measuring instrument called a sextant, to measure the angle of the stars above the horizon. A chronometer for telling time. Accurate charts so the navigator can find the position of the ship in latitude and longitude or in reference to the land or a hazard such as rocks and shallow water called shoals.

Stars

(iv) In the olden days, sailors used to find direction by suspending a piece of a bar magnet.

In the olden days or in olden days means in the past. In the olden days the girls were married young.

The device used by sailors to find direction is called a compass.

Compass, in navigation or surveying, the primary device for direction-finding on the surface of the Earth.

The fixed point from which longitude lines are measured is Greenwich, England. When latitude and longitude lines are drawn on a map or globe, they form a grid. To find the ship’s latitude, sailors used a tool called a sextant. The sextant measured the angle created by the noon sun, the ship, and the visible horizon.

A compass is an instrument used for navigation and orientation that shows direction relative to the geographic cardinal directions, or “points”. Usually, a diagram called a compass rose, which shows the directions north, south, east, and west as abbreviated initials marked on the compass.

A compass points to the magnetic North Pole, not the geographic North Pole. They discovered that when a magnetized bit of iron floated in water, it pointed north. Sailors soon began to use compasses to navigate, or find their way, at sea.

The lubber line (a small line on the compass) marks your direction on the compass card. The direction is given in degrees. You pick a course on a marine chart. Then, you steer the boat so that the lubber line points to the correct degree on the compass card.

Use a Wristwatch

1. If you have a watch with hands (not digital), you can use it like a compass. Place the watch on a level surface.
2. Point the hour hand towards the sun.
3. That imaginary line points south.
4. This means North is 180 degrees in the other direction.
5. If you can wait, watch the sun and see which way it is moving.

The recommended sleeping direction per vastu shastra is that you lie down with your head pointed southward. A north-to-south body position is considered the worst direction.

When you sleep with your head pointing north, your body’s magnetic field interferes with that of earth. This can fluctuate your blood pressure and can even cause heart problems. Sleeping with your head pointing North can also disrupt your blood circulation and lead to disturbed sleep.

According to Vastu Shastra, one should sleep by keeping your head in the south or east direction, through which your feet will naturally face the north or west direction. In Vastu Shastra, it is considered good to sleep with your head towards this direction.

Sleeping With Head Towards West This position is not as beneficial as East or South, but if you are looking for success, then as per Vastu, you should keep your head towards this direction while sleeping. At the same time, this direction can relieve you of any unwanted negative energies in your life.

As it turns out, sleeping on your side is actually pretty good for you — especially if you’re sleeping on your left side. Not only can it help reduce snoring, it’s great for your digestion and might even reduce heartburn. An older study looked at 10 people over the course of two days.

Bed direction as per Vastu The best sleeping position for couples as per Vastu is to keep the head towards the south, southeast, or southwest. It is strongly advised not to keep the head towards the north while sleeping.

According to Feng Shui, if you position your bed in a certain direction you will have various advantages. For example, you can place your bed either facing East, South East, West, North West or South West for best results. West: When you face your bed west, you create the best conditions for a good night’s sleep.