The competitive exclusion principle states that no two species can coexist if they occupy the same niche and compete for the same resources. One species undergoes an evolutionary or behavioral shift towards a different ecological niche.

Instead, three potential outcomes can result from strong interspecific competition: competitive exclusion, local extinction and niche differentiation. Competitive exclusion occurs when one species outcompetes another in a part of its habitat so well that the second species is excluded from that part.

Competitive exclusion may be avoided if one or both of the competing species evolves to use a different resource, occupy a different area of the habitat, or feed during a different time of day.

There are three major types of interactions among organisms: competition, predation, and symbiosis. An interaction in which one organism kills another for food.

Secondly, another reason on why biological interaction is important is because it controls the population of living organisms. A predator is a living organism that hunts other living organisms for food and a prey is a living organism that is hunted by predators.

Symbiosis is any relationship between two or more biological species. Mutualism: In mutualistic interactions, both species benefit from the interaction. A classic example of mutualism is the relationship between insects that pollinate plants and the plants that provide those insects with nectar or pollen.

Species interactions within ecological webs include four main types of two-way interactions: mutualism, commensalism, competition, and predation (which includes herbivory and parasitism). Because of the many linkages among species within a food web, changes to one species can have far-reaching effects.

Species can compete even if they never come into direct contact with each other. For example, suppose that one insect feeds on a certain plant during they day and that another species feeds on the same plant during the night. Because they use the same food source, the two species are indirect competitors.

There are five types of interactions between different species as listed below:

• Competition & Predation.
• Commensalism.
• Parasitism.
• Mutualism.
• Amensalism.

The most obvious result of the removal of the top predators in an ecosystem is a population explosion in the prey species. When prey becomes more scarce, the predator population declines until prey is again more abundant. Therefore, the two balance each other. When the predators are removed, prey populations explode.

Predators have profound effects throughout their ecosystems. Dispersing rich nutrients and seeds from foraging, they influence the structure of ecosystems. And, by controlling the distribution, abundance, and diversity of their prey, they regulate lower species in the food chain, an effect known as trophic cascades.

Predators don’t necessarily prey only on the ill/ injured. Sick prey may be overlooked because their bodies may not provide the necessary sustence for the predator and others it may be feeding. Healthy large slow moving animals may be difficult to kill but the payoff is greater, especially if a pack is involved.

Predators keep the prey population from getting too large. 2. They usually kill weak or diseased animals.

Death by predators is the preferred method over death by starvation. When a population is starving, the members of that population will become malnourished and weak. However once the predator population is too large it will cause the prey population to fall, and as a result, the prey population will also fall.

Defend your position. I think that the deer would be worse off without the wolves, if there were no wolves on the island, the deer population would rise unchecked, creating more starvation, diseases and crowding, the wolves keep the deer at a stable population, still allowing for gain some years.

Answer: It is density dependent.

The wolf is a carnivore. The availability of prey has a major impact on its diet. Its prey animals range from moles, lemmings, hares and birds to deer, reindeer and moose. While the wolf’s favourite prey are ungulates, usually moose in the boreal zone, it is also happy enough to eat carrion and even small mammals.

Defend your position. Introducing the wolves could have a unitended impact on the entire island by eating all the animals and then the things that they eat like grass and berry would overpopulate the island.